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Why is it important to clean up after a penetration test?

  1. To avoid unforeseen costs

  2. To maintain user access

  3. To protect sensitive information

  4. To restore systems to their prior states

The correct answer is: To restore systems to their prior states

Cleaning up after a penetration test is essential to restore systems to their prior states. During a test, various changes may be made to the configuration, user access, and data within systems to identify vulnerabilities. If these changes are not reverted, they could leave systems in an unsecure state or create complications for users who rely on that infrastructure. Returning systems to their original configurations ensures that normal operations can resume without risk, preserving the intended security posture of the environment. By maintaining the integrity and security of the systems post-test, organizations can minimize the risk of unintended exposure or vulnerabilities that may occur if temporary changes are overlooked. This step is crucial to ensure that organizations do not inadvertently open themselves up to new threats as a result of the testing process.